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| Bulk Storage Dome |
Dome structure is a hemi-spherical hollow
structure, used as roofing/ceiling. Earlier Domes were only used in constructing
Architectural buildings, but with the passage of time their importance to
endure under adverse climatic conditions is understood and now domes can be
seen in almost every sphere of construction industry. In other words, a semi-spherical
structure with the curvature on top, when usually created to cover a sufficient
room for bulk storage like cement, limestone, coal, lignite, gypsum, additives
and many more. Depending upon the material used for storage, followings are the
storage domes with their usage in industry:
a) Slag Dome:
Slag is metal-separated stony waste material in form of their
metal oxides mixed with silicon di-oxides. Industrially, its storage in Slag dome is generally carried for
Metal ore smelting process to serve some useful purpose like ‘temperature control
in Smelting’, ‘preventing re-oxidation of molten metal’, ‘removing waste from
smelting process’.
Usages:
1. Slag dome is useful in sustenance of
its compaction characteristics of slag.
2. Slag dome is
also useful in keeping low risk of breakability and maintenance of maximum
strength.
b) Additive Dome:
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| Additive storage |
Additives are organic material added to subject material in purpose
to improve its inherit properties, performance, efficiency and reduce cost.
Industrially, Additive Dome covers a
wide range of additives like antifoams, organic additives and other performance
enhancement additives. Some well-known examples of additives are ‘fly
ash’, ‘GGBFS’, and ‘silica fume’.
Usages:
2. Storing Additives under domes facilitates
maximum utilization of space in plant which may be used for other industrial
purpose too.
3. Ventilation facility and prevention
from adverse conditions of environment under additive dome will eliminate the problem
of oxidation, which causes clinical effects in labor.
c) Gypsum Dome:
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| Gypsum Storage |
Gypsum is fine-grained calcium sulphate (CuSo4)
material industrially used as fertilizer/enhancer in subject material to improve
its inherit qualities, performance, efficiency and reduce cost.
Usages:
2. Storing Gypsum under domes
facilitates maximum utilization of space in plant.
3. Gypsum dome
also helpful in prevention from vulnerability caused by adverse environmental conditions
and rainfall.
d) Clinker Dome:
At sintering stage in cement manufacturing process, a nodular
material is formed known as Clinker. In the Cement plant, Clinker is prepared
by fusing various clays and limestone with additives by melting them below to
the point of liquidation. ‘Silica fume cement clinker’, ’pozzolana cement
clinker’, ‘ground granulated blast furnace slag cement clinker’ are most
commonly formed Clinkers.
Usages:
1. Clinker dome
has a benefit of facilitating no spillage and zero dust pollution. This will
not only prevent wastage of resources but also create health friendly
environment for labor.
2. Clinker storage under dome also help
in prevention from heat which further facilitates setting up hot clinker to its
favorable temperature before being converted into its grinded form, known as
cement.
3. Clinker dome
protects clinker from being affected by Rainfall or heavy thunderstorms, which
can harm the quality of clinker.
e) Cement Dome:
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| Cement Storage |
The grinded form of clinker is cement. Cement is used as
binding material that combines with water and other additives and sets to bind
two other materials together. That is why it also called as Hydraulic binder.
White cement, pozzolana cement, acid resistant cement, blast furnace cement,
sulphate resistant cement, rapid hardening cement, quick-setting cement, high
alumina cement, colored cement are some common types of cements in construction
industry.
Advantages:
1. Cement dome is highly non-vulnerable to maintain moisture and water resistance in heavy
rainfall areas.
2. Maintenance of temperature and
adequate ventilation system is recommended for large scale storage, which can
be fulfilled under cement dome.
3. Cement dome is useful in providing maximum utilization of space in plant, which fulfills
need of efficient loading and unloading of cement in order to feed power
stations continuously.
f) Limestone dome:
Limestone is composition of calcium carbonate, CaCo3
with other minerals, generally found in organic sedimentary rocks formed from accumulation of shell, forms,
coral etc. In
clinker/cement formation, limestone is used as one of the major component.
Moreover, In precious Architectural works, limestone is also used neutralize
the effect of acidity caused by acid rain.
Usages:
1. Limestone dome
costs less as compared to reinforced concrete silo for storage. Therefore limestone
dome gives you economical storage solution.
2. Limestone dome
provide best protection against moisture and rainy weather, as limestone is
highly susceptible to moisture.
f) Coal/Lignite
dome:
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| Coal Storage |
Extracted from the ground by coal
mining, coal is the biggest source of energy for the worldwide electricity
generation. In simple terms, there exist four types of coal - peat, lignite (brown
coal), bituminous, and anthracite(highest quality coal). Coal/Lignite storage
is done in large quantities and requires stacking in open areas. 'Production in
mild climatic condition and market it in winter season’, ‘Feed the thermal
power stations continuously' are some of the key reasons for coal storage, which we understand the
most.
Usages:
1. Coal/lignite domes are made in such way to
prevail cross ventilation at very corner inside it which can be done to prevent
heat accumulation.
2. Coal dome
provide best protection against moisture and rainy weather since coal is
vulnerable to moisture.
- --- Hindustan
Alcox Limted, New Delhi
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